[BBC]
“British intelligence engaged in a far more active programme of covert activity in Latin America in the 1960s than previously understood, it has been claimed.”
“While the work of US intelligence in the region has been widely publicised, the UK role is much less known.”
“But Prof Rory Cormac of the University of Nottingham says recently declassified files reveal attempts to influence elections and disrupt trade unions in a number of countries.”
“At the start of the 1960s, the UK dramatically increased covert action in Latin America, undertaking what was called “special political action”, including propaganda and forgeries which aimed to influence the public, primarily against communism.”
“After a diplomat named Ronnie Burroughs visited Latin America on behalf of the British Foreign Office and MI6 in 1961, a decision was taken in London to increase covert action – activities where the role of Britain was kept hidden with a particular focus on “black” propaganda, which involves false material or where people are deliberately misled about who is producing it.”
“The US was still far more active but the UK, Prof Cormac says, became involved partly as a means of currying influence with America and also to increase trade in the region.”
“The UK increased the number of those working on propaganda in the region and MI6 opened new stations, including in Chile and Venezuela”.
“The operations included creating a new mass-circulation magazine in Colombia and distributing pamphlets in Chile and Bolivia. Local radio producers were bribed to get airtime and produced tapes to be played.”
“They also worked with priests in Bolivia to distribute material and counter Soviet and Cuban propaganda.”
“In Ecuador, they worked with priests who were thought to be able to mobilise people to act against President Carlos Julio Arosemena Monroy, who was viewed by the British as a “thoroughly unprincipled and undesirable character”.”
“They thought they could bring, if needed, a “mob” of at least 5,000 people, largely Catholic youths, on to the streets of Quito, according to Prof Cormac’s article The Currency of Covert Action: British Special Political Action in Latin America, 1961-64 published in the Journal of Strategic Studies.”
“Based on files, declassified in 2019 and 2020, he says the UK worked on trade unions through infiltrating and capturing them or disrupting meetings.”
“One idea involved targeting Brazilian President João Goulart with a forged document indicating that the communists were taking over the trade unions to make him fear his own position within them was being undermined by the hard left.”
“This was not carried out though and he was overthrown in a coup – backed by the US – in 1964.”
“In some cases they considered trying to influence elections, notably a presidential election in Chile in 1964 which they feared the socialist Salvador Allende might win”, which he did despite these efforts, and so he was killed shortly afterwards in a US-backed coup.
“Overall, Prof Cormac argues the UK was using covert action partly to “maintain a global role on the cheap”.”
Read more: Latin America politics: UK’s 1960s covert activity revealed
2021-week27
